Evaluación de la vulnerabilidad social pos-tsunami 2010 en Caleta Tumbes - Chile a través del modelo “presión y descompresión” / Evaluation of social vulnerability after the 2010 tsunami at Tumbes Cove – Chile through the “pressure and release” model
The 2010 tsunami in Chile exposed the absence of socio-natural disaster risk management at national and local levels. This article investigates the role of the government’s post-tsunami reconstruction process, as the articulating body for the most vulnerable communities. In particular, Tumbes cove,...
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Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chile
2020
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oai:ojs.revistas.ubiobio.cl:article-39662020-11-26T14:54:26Z Evaluación de la vulnerabilidad social pos-tsunami 2010 en Caleta Tumbes - Chile a través del modelo “presión y descompresión” / Evaluation of social vulnerability after the 2010 tsunami at Tumbes Cove – Chile through the “pressure and release” model Evaluation of social vulnerability after the 2010 tsunami at Tumbes Cove – Chile through the “pressure and release” model Jaque-Castillo, Edilia Astudillo-Reyes, Leticia Espinoza-Espinoza, Solange Christian-Braun, Andreas Vulnerability Social Construction of Risk Disasters Tsunami Reconstruction vulnerabilidad construcción social del riesgo desastres tsunami reconstrucción The 2010 tsunami in Chile exposed the absence of socio-natural disaster risk management at national and local levels. This article investigates the role of the government’s post-tsunami reconstruction process, as the articulating body for the most vulnerable communities. In particular, Tumbes cove, in the Biobío region, was studied, where vulnerability factors were identified in the face of tsunami flooding through closed surveys and interviews with key players, as well as organizing the information in matrices to identify perception after the reconstruction process. Vulnerability maps were generated using the “pressure and release” model of Wisner et al. (2006). Through five processes, it was observed that the macro-social levels would affect the micro social levels in their daily lives, in the management of socio-natural disasters, which would have an impact on the increase in vulnerability. We argue that the town of Tumbes is a case of a socio-economically and educationally vulnerable community, where the reconstruction process weakened community organizations due to the lack of knowledge of local leaders, thus contributing to the construction of greater vulnerabilities. El tsunami de 2010 ocurrido en Chile dejó al descubierto la ausencia de gestión de riesgos de desastres socio-naturales a nivel nacional y local. Este artículo indaga sobre el rol del proceso de reconstrucción gubernamental post-tsunami, como articulador de comunidades más vulnerables. Se estudió en particular la caleta Tumbes, de la región del Biobío, donde se identificaron factores de vulnerabilidad ante inundación por tsunami a través de encuestas cerradas y entrevistas a actores claves; información que se organizó en matrices con el fin de analizar la percepción de la comunidad tras el proceso de reconstrucción. Se generaron, asimismo, mapas de vulnerabilidad utilizando el modelo de “presión - descompresión” de Wisner et al. (2004). A través de cinco procesos se observó que los niveles macrosociales afectarían a los microsociales dentro de su cotidianidad en el manejo de desastres socio-naturales, los cuales influirían en el aumento de la vulnerabilidad. Se concluye que la localidad de Tumbes es un caso de comunidad socioeconómica y educativamente vulnerable, donde el proceso de reconstrucción debilitó las organizaciones comunitarias por el desconocimiento de liderazgos locales, lo que contribuyó a la generación de mayores vulnerabilidades. Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chile 2020-05-31 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículo revisado por pares application/pdf text/html application/xml https://revistas.ubiobio.cl/index.php/RU/article/view/3966 10.22320/07183607.2020.23.41.07 Urbano; V.23, N.41 (MAY 2020): MISCELLANY; 130 - 151 Urbano; V.23, N.41 (MAYO 2020): MISCELÁNEA; 130 - 151 0718-3607 0717-3997 spa https://revistas.ubiobio.cl/index.php/RU/article/view/3966/3844 https://revistas.ubiobio.cl/index.php/RU/article/view/3966/3956 https://revistas.ubiobio.cl/index.php/RU/article/view/3966/3957 Derechos de autor 2020 Edilia Jaque Castillo |
| institution |
Universidad del Bío-Bío |
| collection |
OJS |
| language |
spa |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Jaque-Castillo, Edilia Astudillo-Reyes, Leticia Espinoza-Espinoza, Solange Christian-Braun, Andreas |
| spellingShingle |
Jaque-Castillo, Edilia Astudillo-Reyes, Leticia Espinoza-Espinoza, Solange Christian-Braun, Andreas Evaluación de la vulnerabilidad social pos-tsunami 2010 en Caleta Tumbes - Chile a través del modelo “presión y descompresión” / Evaluation of social vulnerability after the 2010 tsunami at Tumbes Cove – Chile through the “pressure and release” model |
| author_facet |
Jaque-Castillo, Edilia Astudillo-Reyes, Leticia Espinoza-Espinoza, Solange Christian-Braun, Andreas |
| author_sort |
Jaque-Castillo, Edilia |
| title |
Evaluación de la vulnerabilidad social pos-tsunami 2010 en Caleta Tumbes - Chile a través del modelo “presión y descompresión” / Evaluation of social vulnerability after the 2010 tsunami at Tumbes Cove – Chile through the “pressure and release” model |
| title_short |
Evaluación de la vulnerabilidad social pos-tsunami 2010 en Caleta Tumbes - Chile a través del modelo “presión y descompresión” / Evaluation of social vulnerability after the 2010 tsunami at Tumbes Cove – Chile through the “pressure and release” model |
| title_full |
Evaluación de la vulnerabilidad social pos-tsunami 2010 en Caleta Tumbes - Chile a través del modelo “presión y descompresión” / Evaluation of social vulnerability after the 2010 tsunami at Tumbes Cove – Chile through the “pressure and release” model |
| title_fullStr |
Evaluación de la vulnerabilidad social pos-tsunami 2010 en Caleta Tumbes - Chile a través del modelo “presión y descompresión” / Evaluation of social vulnerability after the 2010 tsunami at Tumbes Cove – Chile through the “pressure and release” model |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Evaluación de la vulnerabilidad social pos-tsunami 2010 en Caleta Tumbes - Chile a través del modelo “presión y descompresión” / Evaluation of social vulnerability after the 2010 tsunami at Tumbes Cove – Chile through the “pressure and release” model |
| title_sort |
evaluación de la vulnerabilidad social pos-tsunami 2010 en caleta tumbes - chile a través del modelo “presión y descompresión” / evaluation of social vulnerability after the 2010 tsunami at tumbes cove – chile through the “pressure and release” model |
| description |
The 2010 tsunami in Chile exposed the absence of socio-natural disaster risk management at national and local levels. This article investigates the role of the government’s post-tsunami reconstruction process, as the articulating body for the most vulnerable communities. In particular, Tumbes cove, in the Biobío region, was studied, where vulnerability factors were identified in the face of tsunami flooding through closed surveys and interviews with key players, as well as organizing the information in matrices to identify perception after the reconstruction process. Vulnerability maps were generated using the “pressure and release” model of Wisner et al. (2006). Through five processes, it was observed that the macro-social levels would affect the micro social levels in their daily lives, in the management of socio-natural disasters, which would have an impact on the increase in vulnerability. We argue that the town of Tumbes is a case of a socio-economically and educationally vulnerable community, where the reconstruction process weakened community organizations due to the lack of knowledge of local leaders, thus contributing to the construction of greater vulnerabilities. |
| publisher |
Universidad del Bío-Bío, Chile |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| url |
https://revistas.ubiobio.cl/index.php/RU/article/view/3966 |
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