Micromorphology to study of earthen built heritage
The earthen architecture heritage of past societies is studied by archaeology, using different techniques. Micromorphology allows to define the composition of the building material and the construction techniques, by analyzing thin sections of oriented samples with a petrographic microscope. This ar...
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Restauro Compás y Canto S.A.
2021
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oai:ojs3.editorialrestauro.com.mx:article-752021-02-18T23:28:53Z Micromorphology to study of earthen built heritage La micromorfología aplicada al estudio del patrimonio construido en tierra Mateu Sagues, Marta Daneels, Annick geoarqueología arquitectura en tierra técnicas constructivas Articulo de Investigación geoarchaeology earthen architecture constructive techniques Reserch Paper The earthen architecture heritage of past societies is studied by archaeology, using different techniques. Micromorphology allows to define the composition of the building material and the construction techniques, by analyzing thin sections of oriented samples with a petrographic microscope. This article describes the method and presents examples of mudbricks, cob walls, floors, and roofs from Iberian and Mesoamerican sites. Mineralogical composition and the presence of specific soil formation features allow to define from where the building sediments were extracted and how different soils may have been mixed, while the form in which minerals are aligned and the type, size and form of pores reveal the amount of water added to the mix, and the direction and intensity of compaction. Thus, it is possible to differentiate mudbricks from floors and facings, cob from rammed earth. This method helps to validate the interpretation of construction techniques derived from archaeological excavations and provides crucial information for the adequate preservation of this heritage. El patrimonio en tierra de sociedades pasadas es tratado en el campo de la arqueología desde distintas aproximaciones. La aplicación de la geoarqueología, y específicamente de la técnica de la micromorfología, permite entender la composición y la técnica de elaboración de esta arquitectura. Consiste en el análisis en microscopio petrográfico de láminas delgadas obtenidas de muestras orientadas, esto es, de las que se conoce la posición en los elementos constructivos analizados, como adobes, muros de tierra apilada y pisos. Este trabajo presenta la metodología empleada, así como unos ejemplos de los resultados alcanzados en las investigaciones de la primera autora (en la Península Ibérica, y, actualmente en Mesoamérica). El estudio de los minerales y de los rasgos de formación de suelo permite conocer los bancos de material usados y sus mezclas, mientras la alineación de los minerales y el tipo, la forma y la densidad de los poros permite diferenciar el grado de humedad y la forma de aplicación y compactación de la tierra, por ende, la técnica de manufactura. De esta manera se pueden observar las diferencias entre unos fragmentos de adobe, piso, bajareque, tierra apilada y tapia. Este método ayuda a validar la interpretación de la técnica constructiva derivada de las excavaciones, y además provee información importante para una mejor preservación de este patrimonio. Restauro Compás y Canto S.A. 2021-02-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Artículos evaluados por pares application/pdf https://editorialrestauro.com.mx/gremium/index.php/gremium/article/view/75 Revista Gremium; Vol. 7 No. E2 (2020): Conservacion del patrimonio edificado con tierra; 10-23 Revista Gremium; Vol. 7 Núm. E2 (2020): Conservacion del patrimonio edificado con tierra; 10-23 2007-8773 spa https://editorialrestauro.com.mx/gremium/index.php/gremium/article/view/75/71 https://editorialrestauro.com.mx/gremium/index.php/gremium/article/view/75/16 Derechos de autor 2020 Marta Mateu Sagues, Annick Daneels https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0 |
| institution |
Editorial Restauro |
| collection |
OJS |
| language |
spa |
| format |
Online |
| author |
Mateu Sagues, Marta Daneels, Annick |
| spellingShingle |
Mateu Sagues, Marta Daneels, Annick Micromorphology to study of earthen built heritage |
| author_facet |
Mateu Sagues, Marta Daneels, Annick |
| author_sort |
Mateu Sagues, Marta |
| title |
Micromorphology to study of earthen built heritage |
| title_short |
Micromorphology to study of earthen built heritage |
| title_full |
Micromorphology to study of earthen built heritage |
| title_fullStr |
Micromorphology to study of earthen built heritage |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Micromorphology to study of earthen built heritage |
| title_sort |
micromorphology to study of earthen built heritage |
| description |
The earthen architecture heritage of past societies is studied by archaeology, using different techniques. Micromorphology allows to define the composition of the building material and the construction techniques, by analyzing thin sections of oriented samples with a petrographic microscope. This article describes the method and presents examples of mudbricks, cob walls, floors, and roofs from Iberian and Mesoamerican sites. Mineralogical composition and the presence of specific soil formation features allow to define from where the building sediments were extracted and how different soils may have been mixed, while the form in which minerals are aligned and the type, size and form of pores reveal the amount of water added to the mix, and the direction and intensity of compaction. Thus, it is possible to differentiate mudbricks from floors and facings, cob from rammed earth. This method helps to validate the interpretation of construction techniques derived from archaeological excavations and provides crucial information for the adequate preservation of this heritage. |
| publisher |
Restauro Compás y Canto S.A. |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://editorialrestauro.com.mx/gremium/index.php/gremium/article/view/75 |
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